Foldable manual wheelchair

A foldable wheelchair is a primary mobility device engineered for freedom and convenience, easily collapsing for transport and storage. This design is highly beneficial for users and caregivers in Tanzania and Africa where ease of transport in varied vehicles and space-saving storage at home are critical factors for maintaining an independent lifestyle.

Available Models/Sizes/Variations

This wheelchair is available in multiple configurations:

• Frame Material: Lightweight Aluminum (easier for lifting) and Heavy-Duty Steel (more robust for rough use).
• Wheel Configuration: Self-Propelled (large rear wheels) for user independence, or Transit/Transport (small rear wheels) for attendant-pushed travel.
• Seat Widths: Standard adult sizes, typically ranging from 16 to 20 inches.
• Components: Many models feature detachable footrests, removable or flip-up armrests for easier side transfers, and a half-folding backrest for extra compactness.

Main Intended Uses

The device is indicated for enhancing daily mobility in various settings, including:

• Travel: The collapsible frame is designed to fit easily into car boots, taxis, and public transport, which is highly relevant for regional travel.
• Home and Clinic Use: Providing a flexible mobility solution for daily activities, indoor maneuvering, and transfers within medical facilities.
• Short-Term Mobility: Ideal for individuals recovering from lower body surgery or injury.

Operating Instructions

1. Unfolding (Setting Up): Place the chair on a flat surface. Apply light pressure to the top of the seat rails and push down until the cross-brace is fully extended and locked into position.
2. Transfers: Engage the wheel locks (brakes) firmly on both rear wheels before attempting to sit down or stand up. Ensure footrests are moved out of the way.
3. Propulsion (Self-Propelled): Grasp the push-rims and apply even, forward pressure. Gently reduce pressure on one push-rim to steer.
4. Folding (Storage): Engage the wheel locks. Remove any detachable components (footrests, cushion). Lift the middle of the seat upholstery straight up until the frame collapses inward.
5. Maintenance: Wipe down the frame and upholstery with a mild detergent solution. Check tire pressure/tread and test the brake function weekly for safety.

Potential Risks/Adverse Events

The main risks include Tipping or Falling due to improper brake use during transfers or leaning too far forward/sideways; Pressure Sores/Skin Breakdown from extended sitting without a proper cushion; and Pinch Points during the folding or unfolding process.

Interactions/Compatibility

The wheelchair is generally compatible with specialized wheelchair cushions for pressure relief, anti-tip devices for enhanced safety, and portable mobility ramps for navigating steps. It is important to note that the small front casters on conventional foldable wheelchairs are poorly suited for very rough, muddy, or sandy African terrain.

Warnings/Precautions

Localized Warning: Due to the variability in pavement and road quality in Tanzania, extra caution must be taken. If using a Transit model, ensure the attendant is strong enough to maneuver the chair safely on inclines and uneven surfaces. Always confirm the frame is securely locked open before sitting. Never exceed the chair’s specified weight capacity.

Quick Device Facts Table

Device type	Intended use	Operating environment	Sterilization method (if applicable)	Potential risks	Warnings
Mobility Aid	Assisting mobility, Travel, Transfers	Indoor and Smooth Outdoor	Wipe down with alcohol/disinfectant cloth (non-sterile)	Tipping, Pressure sores, Brake failure	Lock brakes before transferring; Inspect frame integrity and tire pressure regularly.

Mechanism of Operation

The core of the foldable wheelchair is the “X” or cross-brace mechanism located beneath the seat. This mechanism consists of two metal pieces pivotally linked in the center. When the chair is opened, the cross-brace flattens and locks the side frames into a rigid position. When the center of the seat is lifted, the cross-brace folds upward, pulling the side frames inward and allowing the chair to collapse from side-to-side, providing maximum compactness for storage and transport.